See orf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": "i",
"3": "I"
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"expansion": "Old English orf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ang",
"3": "orf"
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"expansion": "Inherited from Old English orf",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*orb"
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"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *orb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*urbą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *urbą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE root\n *h₃erbʰ-\nInherited from Old English orf, from Proto-West Germanic *orb, from Proto-Germanic *urbą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "orve",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
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}
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"dat": "orve"
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"expansion": "orf (uncountable, dative singular orve)",
"name": "enm-noun"
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{
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"3": "especially",
"4": "poetic"
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 24 12 14 0 14 10 21 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "1 1 27 7 16 0 17 1 26 1 1 1",
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"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
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{
"_dis": "1 1 25 8 10 0 21 1 32 1 1 1",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bovines",
"orig": "enm:Bovines",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Livestock",
"orig": "enm:Livestock",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Livestock, cattle; farm animals."
],
"id": "en-orf-enm-noun-xe86QQBE",
"links": [
[
"Livestock",
"livestock"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
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[
"farm animals",
"farm animals"
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"tags": [
"especially",
"poetic",
"uncommon",
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},
{
"glosses": [
"A herd of sheep."
],
"id": "en-orf-enm-noun-tVmLw3Pp",
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) A herd of sheep."
],
"tags": [
"especially",
"poetic",
"specifically",
"uncommon",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔrf/"
}
],
"word": "orf"
}
{
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"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English poetic terms",
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"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erbʰ-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
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"Old English neuter nouns",
"Old English nouns",
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"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erbʰ-",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
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{
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},
"expansion": "Old English orf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "orf"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English orf",
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{
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*orb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *orb",
"name": "inh"
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*urbą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *urbą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE root\n *h₃erbʰ-\nInherited from Old English orf, from Proto-West Germanic *orb, from Proto-Germanic *urbą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "orve",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
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}
],
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"expansion": "orf",
"name": "head"
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"args": {
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"dat": "orve"
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"expansion": "orf (uncountable, dative singular orve)",
"name": "enm-noun"
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"2": "uncommon",
"3": "especially",
"4": "poetic"
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"name": "tlb"
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Livestock, cattle; farm animals."
],
"links": [
[
"Livestock",
"livestock"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
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"farm animals",
"farm animals"
]
],
"tags": [
"especially",
"poetic",
"uncommon",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A herd of sheep."
],
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) A herd of sheep."
],
"tags": [
"especially",
"poetic",
"specifically",
"uncommon",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔrf/"
}
],
"word": "orf"
}
Download raw JSONL data for orf meaning in Middle English (3.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.